Working alone on carpentry projects has its challenges, especially when it involves 16′ treated lumber (1) I was building a double beam from two 2″ x 8″ x 16′ treated boards that needed to span 13 feet. I set clamps in place to retain the boards as I set each one in place one at a time, one end at a time. When it came time to screw the two boards together for increased strength to support the carport roof, I wanted the tops of the two boards to be flush. One had a crown (arch along the board) of over 1/2″. The other one had no crown, being amazingly straight. They were far too stiff to force flush by hand while I screwed them together. I decided to let gravity do the work for me. I extended an 8′ 2 x 4 about 7′ over one side and clamped it in place. It did the trick (See the set-up at “Leverage“.)
Later, I was curious how much force the 2 x 4 was exerting on the boards to straighten them to flush. Given that 1′ of the 7′ was canceled out by the 1′ hanging over the other side, I had 6′ of board torquing on the 2 x 8’s. Torque = force x lever arm. The center of gravity of the 6′ or torquing board was at 4′. That is the lever arm. The weight of 6′ of 2 x 4 (really 1 1/2 x 3 1/2) varies with exact species and water content. This board was kiln dried but laid in the rain the other day. There are online calculators for board weight (2). Mine was somewhere in the neighborhood of 6 lbs. Therefore, the torque = (6 lbs) x (4 feet) = 24 foot-pounds. That would be the same as hanging my 150 lb person on a board extending about 2 inches from the board. I was actually surprised that it took no more effort than that. I would have only had to exert a little over 20 pounds at the base of my fingers at 14 inches on a lever arm (3). However, that is more challenging than it appears since I am standing on a ladder and needing to force the screw into the board and hold this pose, which involves some core strength, while I use my driver to install at least 1/2 dozen screws. I was not able to get into a position to merely lean on the board. Gravity assist was much easier.
- My wife and some of my friends say that I should ask my friends for help, but they would stand around most of the time while they waited for me to prep for the heavy lifting. My wife and a few of my friends also think that I have too much time on my hands, since I have time to write blog entries like this one.
- https://www.builderscalculator.com/lumber-weight-calculator
- My forearm is a standard 18″ cubit (elbow to middle fingertip). The pads at the base of my fingers are one handbreadth (4″) less.
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Out of this World Question
Posted in Creation Articles, Cultural commentary, General, Questioning, Random thoughts, Science, Truth, Work of Jesus, tagged Astronomy, Extraterrestrial Life, Ice Sheets, Learning, Lost Squadron, Science, Thought Experiment, Truth, work of christ on August 6, 2019| 2 Comments »
Early this summer I had a student ask me a question by e-mail: “Do you think it is truly possible for someone to find the correct answer to the Drake Equation? If so, how would they prove it?”
After some research I gave the following reply:
“”The equation was written in 1961 by Frank Drake, not for purposes of quantifying the number of civilizations, but as a way to stimulate scientific dialogue…”(1) Therefore, the terms in the equation are considerations of what would have to be known in order to quantify (that is, count) civilizations. It is a thought experiment, and since we cannot go to many of those places (or probably any of them) because the distance is too great for even several lifetimes of travel [“Hey, grandkids, the goal of this mission when we started out 60 years ago was for you to visit two planets around the third star from our home star, Sun, to see if there is anybody living there. We’ll be there 40 years or so after your grandchildren are born.”], the whole scheme is pure speculation. In fact, I would go a step further and say that it is not even useful speculation.
So, to answer your question, no, it can neither be solved nor checked (proven). Based on my belief in the God of the Bible, I believe that it is not even a useful thought experiment. The Scripture says,”in as much as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment, so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time for salvation without reference to sin, to those who eagerly await Him.” (Hebrews 9:27-28) Since “all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,” (Romans 3:23), and since “Christ…offered once [died]”, then if any civilizations did exist, they would be without hope because God has not redeemed any of them. Instead, I think that it means they do not exist. And because of the distance we cannot know if they exist. The whole thought experiment becomes fruitless, a deceptive worldview way of avoiding the real truth about how [we got here and how] we “die once” and need that salvation.
A better thought experiment would be to explain how the rocks and ice we see confirm what God said about a worldwide flood in Genesis 6-9. Check out the “Lost Squadron” that landed on Greenland(2). Ask yourself some questions. 1) How deep were the “Lost Squadron” airplanes under the ice? 2) How long did it take for the ice to accumulate? 3) In how long of a time could the whole ice sheet have accumulated at that rate? 4) Has the rate of accumulation always been the same? 5) Is there any evidence for the rate of accumulation changing? 6) Comparing these estimates to the “declared age” of ice cores in Greenland, is there a problem with the present explanation of how the ice sheet got there?”
I think you will realize that the standard explanation for what the layers in the ice sheets means is flawed. Therefore, distractors are thrown up to keep us from seeing the logical fallacies of the ill-conceived conclusions masquerading as a scientific theory. There are many worthy thought experiments to be done. Einstein was particularly good at those, but much of today’s theoretical science is lacking in a creativity that adheres to truth as its basis, instead heralding false agendas and distracting from useful science. Let us be done with having any part of that.
1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation
2- https://creation.com/the-lost-squadron
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